Tabulating mechanism for typewriting machines



July 3, '1934. F, H TREGQ 1,964,748

TABULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHES Filed Aug. 9, 1929 4 e sheets-sheet 1 MIJ..

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July 3, 1934. F. H. TREGo TABULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES Fiied Aug. 9, 1929 e sheets-sheet 2 TTORNEY INVENTOR F/"d/z/r/ 77e July 3, F H. TREGO v TABULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES Filed Aug. 9, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR frdff/r/ rega.

u ATTORNEY July 3, 1934. F. H. TREGO TABULATING MECHANISM-FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES aNvENToR ffd/Mh. Wega.

ATTORN EY July 3, 1934. F. TREGO 1,964,748

TABULATING MECHANIiSM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES Filed Aug. 9, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Ffa/#ffl Wega.

July 3, 1934. F. H. TREGO TABULATING MEGHANISM FOR TYPEWRITING MACHINES e sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Aug. 9, 1929 INVENTOR Fra/MV1 Wega.

ATTORNEY Patented July 3, 1934 UNITED STATES TABULATING MECHANISM FOR TYPE- WRITING MACHINES Frank H. Trego, New York, N. Y., assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Ralph C. Coxhead Corporation, New York, Delaware N. Y., a corporation of Application August 9, 1929, serial No. 384,603

14 claims. (ci. 19a-17s) This invention relates to typewriting machines andl more particularly to tabulating mechanism therefor. This mechanism is especially adapted for use with variable feed mechanism.

Heretofore difficulty has been experienced with variable feed mechanism in maintaining marginal alignment, such alignment having been disturbed by effecting a release of the carriage, because in order to effect the release of the carriage the feed rack has been released from any one of a plurality of pinions associatedwith the escapement mechanism, some of said pinions having a different number` of teeth than the escapement wheel.

Provision is made to release the carriage without disengaging the rack from the active one of the pinions associated with the escapement mechanism. The pinions may constitute a unit,

like that disclosed in my application No. 361,899, filed May 10, 1929, supported'on the shaft with the escapement wheel. Provision is also made to disconnect the pinion element from the escapement wheel to release the carriage, thus maintaining engagement of the rack with the pinion element so as not to change the meshing relation between them; the maintenance of engagement of rack and pinion being essential to insure marginal alignment. n

The connection between the escapement wheel and the pinion element, im the form of the invention herein illustrated, includes a pawl carried by the shaft to which the escapement wheel is secured. Said pawl engages with a ratchet secured to the pinion element so that, as the carriage is moved in a letter space direction, the pinion element, through the medium of the pawl, rotates the escapement wheel step by step as permitted by the usual dogs associated with the escapement wheel.

To effect the release of the carriage the pawl is acuated to disengage it from the ratchet and thus release the carriage from the control of the escapement devices. The pawl may be operated by a plunger slidinglysupported in an axial bore in the escapement shaft, said plunger having thereon a cam to engage the pawl and Withdraw it from engagement of the ratchet against the action oi. a return spring. l l

The actuation of the pawl operating plunger is eected by means including an .actuating lever located near Athe center of the machine and pivotally supported on the main frame of the machine. Said lever is actuable by a bar pivotally supported on the carriage, and actuable by suitable release levers supported on and located at each side `oi the carriage; the bar extending vlengthwise of the carriage so as to engage the so actuating lever in any position of the carriage.

Novel tabulating mechanism is also provided which includes means engaging the release lever to actuate the pawl and disconnect it from the ratchet to release the carriage during tabulating operations.

The tabulator is simple in construction and efcient in its operation. It includes a lever of therst order pivoted on the main frame and extending from the key board to the rear of the machine. The rear end of the tabulator lever engages an intermediate lever, also of the ilrst order, which extends transversely of the machine and has connected thereto an upwardly extending link connected to actuate a lever carrying a counter stop to swing it into .the path of one or more adjustable column stops on the carriage.

The counter stop is in the form of a pawl extending lengthwise of the carriage and may be obstructed by one of the column stops when actuated, depending upon the position of the carrage. Provision is made, including a resilient connection, to enable the actuation of the tabulating mechanism to effect the release of the carriage irrespective of the obstruction of said stop. As soon as the carriage moves the column stop clear of the counter stop the latter is brought into the path of the` succeeding column stop in order to engage therewith as the carriage advances.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear,

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine taken near the middle thereof;

' Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the bearing for the rack supporting arm .and the return spring therefor at the left hand end of the carriage;

Fig. 2a is a detail side view of the rack supporting arm and the adjustable means for the re- 100 turn spring thereof;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the machine, in section, taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

y Fig. 4 is a top plan view of a portion of the machine, some of the parts being broken away 105 for clearness;

Fig) 5 is a horizontal section showing the bearing of the left hand carriage release lever and its return spring;

Fig. 6 is a rear elevation of the machine;

Fig. 7 is a sectional top plan view, taken on the p line 7--7 of Fig. 3, showing the tabulator levers and the carriage release levers associated therewith; v

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary, rear view showing the tabulating mechanism operated;

Fig. 9 is a side view of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a sectional side view showing the pinion element, escapement wheel andassociated` 120 Fig. 12 shows the pinion element shifted andV the rack engaging the smallest pinion;

Fig. 13'is a sectional rear view taken on the line 13--13 of Fig. 10; and

Fig. 14 is a detail end view'of the pawl carried by the escapement shaft.

Similar characters refer throughout the several views.

The invention is shown applied to a machine known as the Varityper and includes a main frame 20 to which is secured a track 21 upon which a` carriage 22 is mounted to travel back and forth transversely of the machine. The carriage is provided with a bar 23 which cooperates with the track 21 through anti-friction rollers or balls 24 to guide said carriage. The carriage is further guided by a bar 25 at its upper end cooperating with rollers 27 mounted on the main frame 20.

The carriage is urged in a letter feed direction by a carriage propelling means or spring drum 30 rotatably supported by a shaft 31 lon the main frame 20; the spring drum being connected to the to similar parts carriage by a strap or draw band 32.` Letter feed movements of the carriage are effected upon the actuation of character keys, not shown, and these movements are controlled by escapement mechanism indicated generally by the numeral 33.

The escapement mechanism includes a pinion element 34 (Figs. 1 and 10) having a sleeve 35 slidably supported on a shaft 36 supported in a rear cross-bar 37 of the main frame and a lug 38 of said frame. The sleeve 35 has secured thereto three pinions 39, 40 and 41 of different diameters to effect variable spacing of the carriage in a manner described in my above named application. Any one of the pinions may be engaged by a rack 42 carried by two arms 43, 43a, pivotally supported on studs 44, (Fig. 2) on carriage ends 45.

The sleeve 35 has further secured thereto an internal ratchet 46 by means of screws 46a, the ratchet engaging a. pawl 47 having a shank 48 engaging in a hole 49 of an enlarged portion 50 of the shaft 36. A spring 51, held between the end of the shank and a plug 52, normally holds the pawl in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet 46. The head 53 of the pawl 47 is fiat and Ielongated and engages in a slot 54 formed in the enlarged portion 50 of the escapement shaft to keep it from turning. The sleeve 35 is slidable lengthwise of the shaft 36 while setting it for the various feeds and because of the length of the pawl head 53 'the ratchet 46 engages it in all positions of the sleeve.

An escapement wheel 56 is rigidly connected to the shaft 36 by a pin 57 engaging in an aperture 58 in the escapement wheel and in an aperture 59 in the enlarged portion 50 of said shaft. It is held against an end face of the enlarged portion 50 by a nut element 60 screwedv on a threaded portion 61 of the shaft 36.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the carriage is under the influence of the spring drum 30 which tends to rotate the escapement shaft 36 through the medium of the feed rack 42, pinion element 34, lratchet 46 and pawl 47. The escapement wheel is normally held against rotation, however, by a loose dog 62 (Fig. 6) pivoted on a stud 63 of a frame including two arms 64 and 65; said frame being pivotally supported on the escapement shaft 36. The arm 65 has an exwheel.

tension 67 engaging a stop 68 against which said extension is normally held by the action of the escapement wheel on the dog 62.

The rear end of an arm 70, upon a depression of the type keys and the space bar, is moved downwardly to actuate an' inwardly projecting arm 71 to rock an escapement lever or dog rocker 72 about a pivot stud 73 against the action of a spring 74. Said lever is provided with a slot 75 into which projects a pin 76 from the dog 62 so that as the lever 72 is actuated the dog 62 is swung out of engagement with the escapement wheel 56. A fixed dog .77 secured to the lever or dog rocker 72 is brought into the path of the teeth of said escapement wheel before the release of said wheel from thedog 62 is effected. The loose dog 62 is then carried upwardly, past the previously engaged `tooth of the escapement This upward movement of the loose dog is effected by a spring, not shown, connected to the printing hammer 78 which is connected to the frame 64 by a stud 78a carried by the said frame and extending freely into an aperture in the printing hammer. Upon the release of the depressed key the arm 70 is returned to normal thus permitting the dog-rocker 72 to return to normal. The loose dog 62 is thus swung back, by the dog rocker 72, into the path of the next succeeding tooth of the escapement wheel, and the fixed dog 77 is carried out of engagement with the escapement wheel thus permitting the completion of a letter space movement of the carriage.

To hold the escapement shaft 36 on its bearings, or in other words, prevent accidental rearward movement of said shaft, there is provided a plate-like element 79 which may be secured to the stud 73 by a screw 79a and is provided with an end 79b extending into a groove 79c formed by the nut 60 and the escapement wheel. This element 79 also facilitates removal of the escapement shaft from the frame.

The pinions 39, 40 and 41 vary in increasing diameters and they are of the same pitch as the rack 42. They also vary respectively in size according to the number of teeth. Accordingly, for each movement of the escapement wheel, which is constant, the angular distance of actuation of the pinions is the same, but the linear distance which the rack may be fed by the various pinions increases as the diameters of the pinions increase.

To shift the sleeve 35 to select any one of the pinions there is provided a finger piece 82 secured to a shaft 82a, supported in lugs 83 and 83a on the main frame 20. The shaft 82 is first rocked by said finger piece and may be rocked against the action of a return spring 82b to actuate an arm 82c secured to and near the rear end of the shaft 82a and underlying an intermediate lever 81 to swing the latter about a pivot 8lEL on the machine frame 10 against the action of a spring 81h. The free end of the intermediate lever l'engages the rack 42 to swing it out of engagement with the active pinion, the carriage being held at this time, from escape, by teeth 81h on the rack release lever 81, said teeth engaging between the teeth of the rack 42.

The: finger piece or handle 82 is next moved lengthwise of the machine to slide the shaft 82a back'or forth in its bearings 83 and 838l and thus actuate a shift lever 85 pivoted at 86 on the main frame 20. The inner end of the lever 85 is bifurcated and has two studs 87 projecting into an annular groove 88 formed in the peripheryA sleeve maybe sld back and forth relatively to the rack 42, to the desired position, on the escapement shaft, to select any one of the pinions; the annular groove 88 permitting freedom of rotation of the pinion element with respect to the shift lever 85. After the pinion corresponding with the desired letter spacing has been shifted into cooperative relation with the rack 42, it is brought into engagement therewith by swinging the finger piece back to normal. s.

To facilitate setting of the handle 82, indices 10, 12 and 14 are provided, one at each of slots 90, 91 and 92, respectively, into which the handle may be moved, the indices indicating the number of letter spaces for each inch of travel of the carriage.

To maintain the rack in engagement with the active pinion there is associated with each rack,

arm 43 a spring 95 (Fig. 2) concealed in a hub 96 of said arm. The spring is coiled about a reduced end 97 of the stud 44 and one end thereof is anchored in a slot 98 of the hub 96. 'Ihe other end of the spring extends through an aperture 99 of Va disc 100 which may be secured to the end of the reduced portion 97 by a screw 101. The disc has two notches 102 to receive a tool by which it may be rotated about the screw 101 to adjust the spring 95. Before the tool is removed, the screw 101 is tightened to thus secure the'disc 100 and hold the spring in its adjusted position. 'I'he stud 44 may be provided with another reduced portion 103 extending intol the carriage end 45 where it is secured by a pinion 104 extending through a groove in the reduced portion 103.

Instead of moving the rack out of engagement with the'active pinion to effect the release of the carriagelin the usual manner, provision is made whereby the rack remains in engagement with the active pinion during the carriage releasing operation. To this end a thrust rod or plunger 105 (Fig. 10) is slidably supported in an axial bore 106 in the escapement shaft. The inner end of said plunger is provided with a cam 107 to engage an inclined portion 108 of an aperture 109 in the shank 48 of the pawl 47, so that when the plunger is pushed inwardly from the normal position in Fig. v10 to the position inFig. 11 it'withdraws the pawl 47' from engagement with the ratchet 46 thus releasing the carriage from the escapement while the feed rack is still in engagement with ported on and at opposite ends of a shaft 112 by' hubs 110e, said shaft being .supported in the carriage ends and being held against rotation in a manner not shown; said shaft serving also4 f as a tie bar between the carriage ends45.

Each release lever is actuable by a nger piece 113 against the' action of a return spring 114' (Fig. 5) coiled around a reduced end 115 of the shaft 112. The lower' end of each release lever has a slot 116 (Fig. 1) into which projects a pin 117 from an arm 118 pivotally supported on an offset 119 (Fig. 2) of the hub 96 on' the rack supporting arm 43. The arms 118 have each an ear 120 bent therefrom to which a bar 121, extending lengthwise of the carriage is secured. Said bar is swung in a counter clockwise direction (Fig.

l) upon the actuation of either release lever 110. The bar 121 engages the end of an element or arm 122 of intermediate mechanism indicated generally by the numeral 123 connecting the bar 121 with the pawl actuating plunger 105 of theA escapement mechanism.

The arm 122 is located near the middle of the 'threaded` through a collar 132 on the shaft 125 and bearing against the latter; the other end of the spring being connected to a lever 133 of the tabulating mechanism hereinafter described. The other end of the sleeve 124 has secured thereto an arm 134 which extends upwardly and rearwardly behind the escapement wheel 56. The upper end of the arm 134 has a slot 135 through which extends a stud 136 in a head 137 threaded on the end of the thrust rod 105 so that upony the actuation of the arm 134 the thrust rod is moved inwardly to actuate the pawl 47 out of engagement with the ratchet 46 to release' the carriage as previously described.

The cam end 107 of the thrust rod 105 may be adjusted relatively to the inclined surface 108 of the pawl by screwing the thrust rod more or--less into the' head 137. It may then be locked in its adjusted position, with respect to the head 137, by a nut 138 also threaded on the rod 105.

The tab'ulating mechanism includes a plural-ityv of column stop 140 (Figs. 1 and 6) detachably f supported on a stop bar 141 adjustably secured to the carriage 22. These column stops are engaged one at a time by a counter stop A142 carried l on a stud 143 of an actuating lever 144 which lever is pivotally supported by a stud 145 securedv it is arrested by a' stop 144 With which the lever 144 engages. f

To actuate the counterv stop 142 (Fig. 1) provided with the key 111 is actuated about a fulcrum 148, on the main frame, to swing its rear end upwardly. Said lever 147 is locatedy near one side of the machine (Figs. 3 and' 6) and engages at its rear end the transverse, intermediate lever 133 to actuate the latter about a pivot 150 on the bracket 127. The-opposite end a leverl 147 of the intermediate lever 133 is connected to a Y' link 151 to pull the latter downwardly andy actuate the lever 144 and thus actuate the counter stop 142 as in Fig. 8; the link .151 being connected to the levers l33vand 144 by swivels 152 and 153 an ear 154b of bracket 127. One end of the lever 154 ls'engaged by the tabulator lever 147 (Figs.

1 and 7) to be actuated thereby, the other `end engages the arm 122 to actuate it and release the carriage as previously described'.

The counter stop 142 is normally held against -v a stud 155, as in Fig. 6, by a spring 156.y As the column stop engages the counterlstop 142,

however, thev latter is swungabou't its pivot l143 against the action of the spring 156 until it is arrested against an ear 157 of the lever 144. With this arrangement, it will readily be understood, that, upon the release of the counter stop 142 from the column stop 140, the engaging portion 'of the former snaps past the column stop due to the spring 156 so that the carriage may be immediately tabulated to the next column, if desired, from the letter space position in which it has been arrested.

'I'he counter stop 142, when it returns to normal, is located under the disengaged column stop. If the tabulator key is again depressed, before the carriage is moved from this position, the counter stop is obstructed by the column stop. Provision is made, however, to permit a further depression of the tabulator key to effect the release of the carriage.

For this purpose the link 151 is resiliently connected to the lever 133 by means of a spring 160 the ends of which bear against the swivel 152 and a collar 161 adjustably secured to the link 151; said spring urging the link downwardly to cause a collar 162 also secured thereto, to bear against the swivel 152. With this arrangement the lever 133 may be actuated against the action of the spring 160 when the counter stop is obstructed as above described. Due to this resilient connection in the means to actuate the counter stop, the lever 154 may be actuated to release the carriage as previously described. After the column stop has moved past the counter stop 'the latter is again brought into the path of the next succeeding column stop by the action of spring 160 on the link 151.

By an inspection of Fig. 8 it will be seen that the engaging portion of the counter stop 142 and the pivot 145 of the lever 144 are in a horizontal plane when in operation, in other words, the direction of force of the carriage is against the stud.145 so that there is no tendency of the carriage to rotate the lever 144when the stops 140 and 142 engage.

While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will Vbe understood that changes in form, arrangement, proportions, sizes and details thereof may be made without departing from the scope of the.

invention as dened in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a` carriage, a rack on said carriage, a mainframe, a pinion on said main-frame, engaged by said rack, escapement mechanism, a pawl and ratchet connection between the escapement mechanism and the pinion, carriage releasing means including a lever of the rst order, located near the middle of the -machine and operable to effect a disengagement between the pawl and ratchet to release the carriage, a tabulator keylever located considerably to one side of the lever of the rst order, the latter having a pivot extending transversely of the machine, an intermediate lever extending transversely of the machine from the tabulator lever to said lever of the first order whereby the latter may be actuated by the key-lever, and a separate pivot for the transverse lever, the last mentioned pivot extending fore-and-aft of the machine.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combi-nation of a carriage, a column stop on said carriage, a counter stop, a lever to carry the counter stop, said lever being pivoted on the main-frame, a tabulator key-lever of the first order pivoted on the main-frame and extending fore and aft thereof, a connecting link extending down from the stop carrying lever, a transversely disposed lever connecting the tabulator lever with said link, a resilient connection between the transverse lever and the link, and means operated by the key lever to release the carriage.

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriage, a column stop on said carriage, a counter stop, a lever to carry the counter stop, said lever being pivoted on the main-frame near the middle and at the top of the machine, a tabulator key-lever pivoted on the main-frame at the side and near the bottom of the machine and extending fore and aft thereof, a connecting link extending down from the stop carrying lever, a transversely disposed lever connecting the tabulator lever with the lower end of said link, carriage releasing means including an element disposed near the middle of the machine, and an intermediate transverse lever operable by and connecting the tabulator lever with said element to actuate the carriage releasing means. l

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism including a horizontally disposed shaft, a pinion rotatably v supported on said shaft, a rack on said carriage to engage said pinion, an internal ratchet on said pinion, a pawl supported on said shaft and engaging said ratchet, a rod extending through said shaft to said pawl to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage from the escapement mechanism, intermediate means connected to the rod to actuate the latter, tabulat-y ing means to actuate the intermediate means, a stop operable by the tabulating means, the pawl being rotatable with the said shaft, the connection between the intermediate means and the rod being such as to render the rod non-rotatable, and a pointed end on said rod to engage said pawl.

5. Ina typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a bar on said carriage, a column stop on said bar, a lever pivoted to move in a vertical plane extending parallel to the stop-bar and behind the column stop, a counter stop carried by and offset on said lever, said counter stop being normally below the path of travel of the column stop, a pivot for the stop carrying lever extending transversely of the path of the column stop and 'located in a horizontal plane extending through the contact region of thecolumn stop when the latter is in its operated position, and means to actuate said lever to carry the counter stop into the path of the' column stop.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a bar on said carriage, a column stop on said bar, a lever pivoted in a vertical plane extending parallel to the stop bar and behind the column stop, a counter stop pivotally supported on one side of said lever and being normally below the path of travel of the column stop; a projection on said lever, a spring to hold said counter stop againstsaid projection, a pivot for the stop carrying lever extending transversely of the path of the column stop and located in a horizontal plane extending through the contact region of the column stop, means to actuate said lever to carry the counterstop into the path of the column stop, a stop to arrest the lever, means to release the carriage so that the column stop' may engage the counter-stop, the latter being swung about its pivot against the action of said spring, and a projection on said lever to arrest the counter stop in its-operated position,

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriage, a rack on said carriage, a pinion engaged by said rack," an escapement Wheel, a pawl and ratchet connection between the escapement wheel and the pinion, means to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage from the escapementv wheel, said means including an arm located near the middle of the machine, a bail pivotally supported on the carriage to engage said arm to actuate it, a finger piece to actuate said bail, a tabulator key lever at one side of the machine, a transverse lever connecting the tabulator lever with said arm to release the carriage when the tabulator key is operated, and means operable by the key-lever to arrest the carriage.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor including a pawl and a ratchet, releasing means extending from the rear of the escapement mechanism to disengage the pavvl from the ratchet to release the carriage, a main-frame to support the carriage, a rock-shaft supported on the mainframe, said rock-shaft being located under the escapement mechanism and extending transversely of the machine, the carriage release bar supported on the carriage, an actuating arm secured to the rock-shaft and extending upwardly to the front of the escapement mechanism to a point above the main-frame where the release bar is located so that it may be actuated by said release bar, an arm extending upwardly from the rock shaft to the rear of the escapement into engagement with the .releasing means, said escapement and said arms being located near the middle of the machine, a tabulator lever located near the side of the machine and extending foreand-aft thereof, a transverse lever extending from the tabulator lever to said actuating arm, and arresting means for the carriage operable by said tabulator lever.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, escapement mechanism therefor including a pawl and a ratchet, releasing means extending from the rear of the escapement mechanism to disengage the pawl from the ratchet to release the carriage, a main-frame to support the carriage, a rock-shaft, a bracket to support the rock-shaft on the main frame and under the escapement mechanism, said rock-shaft extending transversely of the machine, a release bar on said carriage, an actuating arm extending upwardly in front of the escapement mechanism to the release bar, an arm extending upwardly from the rock-shaft to the releasing means, a tabulator key-lever pivoted on the main-frame and located near the side of the machine, a transverse lever pivoted on said bracket to be actuated by the tabulator lever and to engage said actuating arm, and carriage arresting means including a transverse lever also pivotally supported on said bracket and actuable by the tabulator key-lever.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main-frame, a carriage to travel thereon, a stop on said carriage, a 3o-operative stop pivo ed on the main-frame, key operated means includingv an actuating lever on the main-frame, a link connected to the pivoted stop, resilient means connecting said link with said actuating lever, an abutment on said link, and an abutment on said actuating lever, said resilient means being located between said abutments.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main-frame, a carriage to travel thereon, a stop on said carriage, a co-operative stop pivoted on the main-frame, key operated means including an actuating lever on the main-frame, a link connected to the pivoted st-op, a stud on the actuating lever, said link extending through an aperture in said stud, a collar on said link, a spring between said stud and said collar, and a second collar on said link at the opposite side of the stud to limit the movement of the link with respect to the stud in one direction.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriage on said main frame, an'escapement located substantially in the middle of the machine and including a pinion, a rack on said carriage in engagement with said pinion, an element extending rearwardly from the escapement mechanism, means actuable by said element to effect the'release of the carriage from the escapement mechanism while the rack remains in engagementwith the pinion,

a shaft located under said escapement and independent thereof, a lever extending upwardly and rearwardly of the machine from said shaft to operate said element, tabulating means including a key lever, an intermediate lever operable by said key lever to actuate said upwardly extending lever, and carriage arresting means operable by said key lever.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriage on said main frame, an escapement located substantially in the middle of the machine and including a pinion, a rack on said carriage in engagement with said pinion, an` element extending rearwardly from the escapement mechanism, means actuable by said element to effect the release of the carriage from the escapement mechanismwhile, the rack remains in engagement withthe pinion, a lever extending upwardly and rearwardly of Ithe machine from a position under the escapement to operate said element, a key lever located at one side of the machine and extending fore-and-aft thereof, a transverse lever extending from the key lever to said lever, and carriage arresting means operable by said key lever.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of amain frame, a carriage on said main frame, an escapement located substantially in the middle 'of the machine and including a pinion, a rack on said carriage in engagement with said pinion, an element extending rearwardly from the escapement mechanismfmeans actuable by said element to eifect the release of the carriage from the escapement mechanism while the rack remains in engagement with the pinion, a lever extending upwardly and rearwardly of the machine from a position under the escapement to operate said element, a key lever located at one side of the machine and extending fore-and-aft thereof, a transverse lever extending from the key lever to said lever, a column stop on the carriage, a co-operative stop pivoted on the main 

